The State then evolves to make this exploitation look legitimate:
The State did not begin because people sat around a campfire and agreed to follow rules for the common good. Instead, it was born from . The State Its History and Development Viewed So...
To Oppenheimer, the State is essentially "the organization of the political means"—a tool used by a victorious group to systematically exploit a defeated group. The State then evolves to make this exploitation
The "story" usually goes like this: A group of nomadic warriors (often herders or Vikings) discovers a group of peaceful peasants (farmers). Initially, the warriors just raid, kill, and leave. But eventually, they realize that if they kill all the farmers, there’s no food next year. 3. The "Protection" Racket The "story" usually goes like this: A group
This book, written by German sociologist and published in 1908 (English translation in 1914), is a classic of political sociology. It challenges the "social contract" theory and offers a more cynical, power-based origin story for how governments began. Here is the "story" of the state according to Oppenheimer: 1. The Two Ways to Live
Oppenheimer wasn't a total pessimist. He believed that as the world became more interconnected through trade, the "Political Means" would eventually fail. He predicted the State would eventually transform into a "Freemen's Citizenship"—a society where the government no longer exists to help one class exploit another, but simply to manage common interests through the "Economic Means."
Working, producing, and exchanging (peaceful trade).
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