Terbium through lutetium, plus yttrium. These are rarer and often more valuable due to their specific high-tech applications.
REEs are critical in precision-guided munitions, sonar, and laser range-finding. The Rare Earth Elements: An Introduction
Mining REEs is environmentally demanding. The process often involves toxic chemicals and produces radioactive byproducts (such as thorium and uranium) found in the same ores. Managing these "tailings" safely is one of the primary hurdles to establishing new mining operations in countries with strict environmental regulations. Conclusion Terbium through lutetium, plus yttrium
Rare earth elements are foundational to the 21st-century economy. As the world transitions toward renewable energy and advanced computing, the demand for these materials will only grow. Success in this sector will depend on balancing the urgent need for these minerals with the environmental costs of extraction and the geopolitical complexities of the global supply chain. Mining REEs is environmentally demanding
Neodymium and praseodymium are used to create the world’s strongest permanent magnets, found in everything from smartphone speakers to hard drives.