: Roots are suspended in a dark chamber and periodically misted with a fine, high-pressure nutrient solution. 2. Substrate Culture Systems
: To compensate for limited space, the medium must provide a hyper-efficient supply of oxygen, water, and ions. Soilless Culture: Theory and Practice
These systems do not use a solid growth medium for the roots, suspending them directly in a nutrient-rich solution. : Roots are suspended in a dark chamber
[PDF] Soilless Culture: Theory and Practice by Michael Raviv - Perlego Soilless Culture: Theory and Practice
: Roots in soilless systems occupy a fraction of the space compared to field soil.