For the most accurate technical data, researchers typically reference the official ETSI GSM 03.40 Technical Specification or the updated 3GPP documentation .
The GSM 03.40 specification (later evolving into 3GPP TS 23.040 ) provides the blueprint for how SMS works. It was developed by the under ETSI.
: Specifications like GSM 07.05 (often referenced alongside 03.40) define the interface between data terminal equipment and mobile phones for managing SMS functions. gsmden tc 40m.txt
GSM 03.40 - Version 3.7.0 - European Digital Cellular ... - ETSI
: It outlines how Mobile Stations (MS), Service Centers (SC), and the network backbone interact to deliver messages. For the most accurate technical data, researchers typically
GSM 03.40 - Version 3.7.0 - European Digital Cellular Telecommunications System (phase 1); Technical Realization of the SMS Poin. GSM 03.40 - Version 5.3.0 - ETSI
: These standards were critical for the development of 2G digital cellular networks , establishing the global foundation for mobile text messaging. : Specifications like GSM 07
: It details features like message-waiting indicators, delivery reports, and the handling of priority messages. Key Technical Aspects