Measured using the longitudinal axes of the first metatarsal and proximal phalanx. 4. Management Strategies
The deformity starts with a medial deviation of the first metatarsal head, followed by valgus deformity of the proximal phalanx, and a lateral shift of the sesamoids. Download Hallux valgus pdf
Metatarsus adductus, Achilles tendon tightness, and hammertoe are frequently observed alongside HV. 3. Diagnosis and Clinical Assessment Measured using the longitudinal axes of the first
Patients typically present with pain over the medial bony prominence (bunion), worsened by footwear pressure, and sometimes associated with bursitis. Radiographic Metrics (Weight-bearing): Hallux Valgus Angle (HVA): Normal 40∘is greater than 40 raised to the composed with power Intermetatarsal Angle (IMA): Normal <9∘is less than 9 raised to the composed with power (between 1st and 2nd metatarsal shafts). often referred to as a bunion
Treatment depends on symptom severity rather than the magnitude of the deformity alone. 4.1. Conservative Treatment
Hallux valgus, often referred to as a bunion, is a prevalent forefoot deformity, affecting 23% to 35% of the population, with a higher incidence in women. The pathology involves a lateral deviation of the hallux and medial deviation of the first metatarsal, leading to a prominent bursa on the medial aspect of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. While pain is the primary driver for seeking care, many patients also report cosmetic concerns and difficulty with footwear. 2. Etiology and Pathogenesis
Conservative measures are aimed at symptomatic relief, as they do not reverse the bony deformity. (PDF) Hallux Valgus - ResearchGate