The concept was pioneered by political scientists and Lucan Way in their 2010 book, Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes After the Cold War . Core Characteristics
Rather than relying on the overt violence of traditional dictatorships, these regimes use more subtle instruments: Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes Af...
: Incumbents use state resources, control over the media, and a biased judiciary to disadvantage opponents. The concept was pioneered by political scientists and
: While elections are held regularly and are generally free from "massive" fraud, they are often marred by voter intimidation, unequal media access, and manipulation of electoral rules. Methods of Control control over the media