: Respecting a patient's or research participant's right to make their own choices about their medical care and bodily integrity.
: The duty to "do no harm," ensuring that the risks of a treatment or experiment do not outweigh the benefits. bioethics
Modern bioethics is largely built upon four "pillars" that guide healthcare providers and researchers in making difficult moral decisions: : Respecting a patient's or research participant's right
: The moral obligation to "do good" and act in the best interest of the patient. bioethics