: The physical commission of a prohibited act or the omission of a legal duty.
: Which errors of fact or law excuse a crime. Basic Concepts of Criminal Law
: The person who does the act vs. those who assist. : The physical commission of a prohibited act
: Judging the specific act vs. the character of the person. Basic Concepts of Criminal Law
Outside of Fletcher's specific framework, general criminal law relies on several "cornerstone" elements that the prosecution must prove beyond a reasonable doubt:
Fletcher organizes the "deep structure" of criminal law into these competing concepts: