One of the primary concerns for kathoey individuals is access to education and employment. Many face discrimination and marginalization, making it difficult to secure stable jobs or pursue higher education. This can lead to economic instability and limited opportunities for social mobility.

Thailand, particularly Bangkok, is often regarded as a relatively accepting and open society towards transgender individuals. However, beneath the surface of this perceived tolerance lies a complex web of social, cultural, and economic challenges faced by those who identify as ladyboys or transgender women.

Additionally, organizations such as the Transgender Network Thailand and the International Transgender Day of Visibility have helped raise awareness and promote visibility for kathoey individuals. These efforts have contributed to a growing understanding and acceptance of transgender issues, particularly among younger generations.

The term "ladyboy" is commonly used in Thailand to describe a man who was assigned male at birth but identifies and expresses himself as a woman. While some individuals may choose to undergo medical transition, including hormone therapy or surgery, others may not have access to these resources or may not feel that they are necessary for their self-expression.