Florian Cajori's History of Mathematical Notations - MAA.org
: Symbols rarely gained immediate acceptance. Cajori documents the "competition" between rival notations—such as the various ways to denote multiplication—before one eventually became the standard. A History of Mathematical Notations
– Traces the symbols for calculus, trigonometry, set theory, and mathematical logic, including the rivalry between Newton's fluxions and Leibniz’s differentials. Key Takeaways Florian Cajori's History of Mathematical Notations - MAA
The work is divided into two primary volumes (often bound together in modern editions from Dover Publications ): and mathematical logic
: It identifies three major phases of notation: Rhetorical : Purely verbal math with no symbols. Syncopated : Abbreviations for commonly used words.