If you are looking for specific "factors" or "stages" (common in Topic 5 curricula), these seminal works are the foundation: 1. The Five Factors of Collapse
Are you interested in (how the Romans or Maya fell)? 5. Collapse
It bridges archaeology, sociology, and environmental science to define what collapse actually looks like in the 21st century. Key Frameworks in Collapse Research If you are looking for specific "factors" or