1 : Judgment -

Defines the scope as a State's invocation of the responsibility of another State for injury to its nationals caused by a wrongful act. 3. Historical Significance

The term "Draft Article 1" often refers to the , specifically Common Article 1 . This article contains the undertaking by parties to "respect and ensure respect" for the conventions in all circumstances. Scholarly "judgment" on this article has shifted over decades from a narrow focus on individual state compliance to a broader obligation for all states to induce compliance from others. 1 : Judgment

In international legal scholarship and constitutional history, the phrase most commonly refers to a specific section of the United States Constitution regarding the powers of the Senate in impeachment trials. It also appears in several significant International Law Commission (ILC) draft articles that define the scope of state responsibility and human rights protections. 1. United States Constitution (Article 1, Section 3) Defines the scope as a State's invocation of